Baking chocolate cookies requires an understanding of how the cocoa powders interacts with the other ingredients. The cocoa powder will change the texture and flavors of the cookie dough. Cocoa powder isnt a direct substitute for flour, but it will affect the fat balance, the amount of moisture that the cookies absorbs, the acidity of the cookies, and the way that the cookies spread on the cookie sheet.
If you use too little flour, the cookies will lack flavor. However, if you use too much flour, the cookies will dries out during the baking process. You must replace the flour with cocoa powder by weight, since cocoa powder and flour has different behaviors when mixed with both liquid and fat ingredients.
How Cocoa Powder Affects Cookies
The type of cocoa powder you use will change the behavior of your cookie dough. Some types of cocoa powder contain more acidity then others. Natural cocoa powder contains acidity that allow the cookies to spread and brown.
Dutch-process cocoa powder has been alkalized to produce a deeper color and less bitterness. However, you must use baking powder with this type of cocoa powder to avoid a soapy aftertaste. Black cocoa powder will deepen the color of the cookies even more further but will make the texture of the cookies potentially tight if it is the only type of cocoa powder used in the recipe.
Because cocoa powder brands can absorb different amount of moisture from the cookie dough, you have to make adjustments to the amount of sugar and butter use in the recipe. Cocoa powder absorbs liquid quick. When you replace flour with cocoa powder, the cocoa powder will absorb the liquid, and if there is not enough liquid added to the cookie dough, the cookies will feel sand when eaten.
To fix this, you can add milk, coffee, or an egg yolk to restore the chewiness of the cookies. However, you must adjust the amount of liquid according to the type of cocoa powder you are use and the ratio of butter to sugar in the recipe. If you use too little liquid, the cookies will be sandier.
If you use too much liquid, the cookies will flatten on the baking sheet before they are completely baked. The ratios of the ingredients that you use determine the spread of the cookies. The higher the amount of butter and sugar in the recipe, the more wider the cookies will spread on the baking sheet.
The higher the amount of cocoa powder and brown sugar, the less the cookies will spread. The longer you leave the cookie dough out to chill in the refrigerator, the less the cookies will spread on the baking sheets. A recipe calculator will allow you to determine these ingredient ratio and how they will ultimately affect the spread of the cookies.
The leavening agent that you use in your cookie dough have to be chosen based on the type of cocoa powder that is used in the recipe. Natural cocoa powder works best with baking soda. However, baking powder works best with Dutch-process and black cocoa powder since it prevents a soapy aftertaste that result from the use of baking soda and non-acidic forms of cocoa powder.
You must adjust the amounts of baking soda and baking powder prior to placing the cookie dough into the refrigerator. Testing small batch of cookies will allow you to see the interactions between the ingredients. Small batches of cookies will allow you to easily see the effect of small changes to ingredients like baking soda and liquid.
This will be helpful for anyone who is trying to use a new brand of cocoa powder or who would like to make the cookies of a specific texture. Once you understand how the ingredients should behave in small batches, you can easily scale the batches to bake larger batches of cookies. Finally, you will have to rest the cookie dough prior to baking the cookies.
This allows the cocoa powder to absorb the liquid and the fat to firm up. Thirty minute of resting is usually enough time for standard chocolate cookies. However, if the cookie dough contains a higher percentage of cocoa powder, it will take at least one hour of resting.
Allowing the dough to rest will ensure that the cookies hold their shape, that they keep their chew, and that they tastes of chocolate.
